Working principle of eddy current separator

Working principle of eddy current separator

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The working principle of eddy current separator is based on electromagnetic induction principle, which generates high-frequency alternating magnetic field through excitation power supply. When the material to be separated passes through the separation zone, the metal material is induced by eddy current, which is affected by magnetic force, while the non-metal material is not affected. Under the action of vibrating feeder, metal materials are separated, while nonmetal materials are discharged from the equipment. This separation method has the advantages of high separation efficiency, wide variety of metals, low operating cost, environmental protection and no pollution. At the same time, the equipment has simple structure, convenient operation and easy maintenance, and can realize automatic sorting. Eddy current separators are widely used in metal recovery, resource regeneration, environmental protection industry, metallurgy industry, garbage disposal and other occasions, which can effectively separate and recover various metals and have high economic and environmental protection values. 12

The main applications of eddy current separator include collecting non-ferrous metals from crushed materials in car dismantling plant, sorting and collecting aluminum and copper from aluminum-copper casting sand and smelting ash, removing aluminum bottle caps from glass bottles, sorting aluminum wires and aluminum alloy parts, collecting aluminum and copper from blocks, collecting non-ferrous metals from printed boards after incineration, sorting and collecting aluminum alloy cans from municipal garbage, and sorting stainless steel and weakly magnetic objects from large pieces of crushed materials such as used cars, old household appliances and game machines.

The design principle of eddy current separator is that conductor can generate induced current in high frequency alternating magnetic field. When the metal enters the separation zone with strong magnetic field, eddy current will be induced in the metal block. The magnetic field generated by this eddy current is opposite to the original magnetic field, and there is a repulsive force. This repulsive force can throw the metal block forward to achieve the purpose of separation.

In addition, the work of eddy current separator also involves some technical details, such as going through a screening process before entering the separation to ensure that the particle size of the material is within a certain range, which will make the distance thrown by the material roughly equal. If the particle size is very different, it will form the phenomenon that small-sized materials enter the nonmetallic discharge hopper. When the feeding speed is constant, the rotating speed of the belt affects the distribution density of materials on the belt. When the belt speed increases, the density of material distribution decreases gradually, which weakens the interaction between particles in the separation area, which is beneficial to separation.

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